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Discover how CoQ10, particularly ubiquinol, can significantly improve sperm count, motility, and morphology. Evidence-based guide covering optimal dosages, clinical research, and comprehensive male fertility support strategies.
Male factor infertility contributes to approximately 50% of fertility challenges, with sperm quality playing a crucial role in conception success. A growing body of research suggests that Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), particularly in its active, reduced form ubiquinol, may support key sperm parameters by improving mitochondrial energy production and providing antioxidant protection.1–3
Sperm cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress due to their high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their membranes and their limited intrinsic antioxidant defences. Oxidative damage can impair sperm motility, concentration, morphology, and DNA integrity, all critical factors for successful conception.4
CoQ10 is naturally present in seminal plasma and sperm cells, where it supports mitochondrial ATP production (energy needed for motility) and helps neutralise reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ubiquinol is lipid-soluble and works within mitochondrial membranes, one of the main sites where ROS are generated, supporting both energy and antioxidant protection in the very structures sperm rely on for movement and function.1,5
Clinical evidence indicates that CoQ10 supplementation can improve multiple semen parameters in men with infertility, particularly when oxidative stress is a contributing factor. In a well-known trial, CoQ10 supplementation was associated with improvements in sperm motility and sperm count.6
More recent evidence focusing on ubiquinol (the active form) also suggests measurable improvements. Studies summarised in the Kaneka ubiquinol research overview report:
These outcomes are consistent with the biological role of CoQ10 in mitochondria: sperm motility is highly energy-dependent, and ubiquinol helps support ATP production while helping protect sperm membranes from oxidative damage.1,5
Beyond direct effects on semen parameters, some studies report associations between CoQ10 supplementation and changes in male reproductive hormones (such as testosterone and inhibin B). While findings vary across study designs and populations, this may reflect broader support for testicular function and oxidative balance.8
Sperm DNA fragmentation is an important factor in fertility and embryo development. Oxidative stress is a major driver of DNA damage in sperm, and antioxidant interventions (including CoQ10) have been studied for their potential to reduce DNA fragmentation indices. This may be particularly relevant for couples preparing for IVF/ICSI where sperm DNA integrity matters.4,9
CoQ10 exists in two forms: ubiquinone (oxidised) and ubiquinol (reduced, active). Ubiquinol does not require conversion to be biologically active, which is relevant because the body’s ability to convert ubiquinone into ubiquinol declines with age.2,3
Comparative studies show that ubiquinol is more bioavailable than ubiquinone. In one controlled comparison in healthy adults, ubiquinol was reported to be approximately 70% more bioavailable than conventional CoQ10 (ubiquinone).10 Supplementation of 200 mg ubiquinol has also been shown to increase circulating CoQ10 levels by 5–8 fold after 30 days in healthy adults, demonstrating effective uptake.11
Because sperm development follows a predictable cycle, CoQ10 is typically used consistently for a meaningful window before assessing results:
At Zita West, we recognise that male fertility requires comprehensive support. Our Kaneka Ubiquinol CoQ10 uses the stabilised ubiquinol form manufactured by Kaneka and provides 100mg per capsule.
For broader male fertility support, consider combining ubiquinol with:
For couples trying to conceive, explore our Ultimate Male IVF Support Pack, which includes Kaneka Ubiquinol alongside other evidence-based supplements supporting both partners.
Supplements work best alongside lifestyle habits that protect sperm quality and reduce oxidative stress:
The spermatogenesis cycle takes approximately 74 days, meaning it takes around 2.5–3 months for new sperm to develop fully. For this reason, improvements in semen parameters are typically assessed after 3 months of consistent supplementation, with many protocols using 3–6 months depending on starting semen quality and clinical goals.12
Most research focuses on semen parameters rather than pregnancy or live birth outcomes. While some studies suggest that improvements in sperm motility and concentration may correlate with higher chances of conception, more large-scale trials are needed to confirm effects on pregnancy and live birth rates across different diagnoses and age groups.13
Research suggests CoQ10 supplementation may improve total sperm count in some men, particularly where oxidative stress is contributing. Studies summarised in the Kaneka ubiquinol evidence base report increases in sperm count of up to 53% in certain study populations.6
Ubiquinol is the reduced, active form of CoQ10 and does not require conversion in the body. This may be relevant because the body’s ability to convert ubiquinone to ubiquinol declines with age.2 Comparative studies also show ubiquinol is more bioavailable than ubiquinone, meaning higher circulating levels can be achieved at equivalent doses.10
Aim to start at least 3 months before actively trying to conceive to cover a full spermatogenesis cycle (around 74 days). Many men continue for 3–6 months during the conception window depending on individual needs and clinical guidance.12
Potentially. Oxidative stress can contribute to sperm DNA fragmentation, which may affect embryo development. Antioxidant strategies including CoQ10 have been studied for reducing DNA fragmentation indices in some populations. For IVF/ICSI preparation, starting 3–6 months before treatment is commonly recommended to align with sperm development timelines.9,12
CoQ10 is generally well tolerated. Some people experience mild digestive symptoms when first starting. As with any supplement, speak with your healthcare provider—especially if you are taking medications or have underlying health conditions.
CoQ10 is researched in both male and female preconception support. For women, it is studied for mitochondrial function and antioxidant protection in oocytes. You can explore our related article on how CoQ10 supports egg quality.
Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are undergoing fertility treatment.
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